Click to reveal These are part of Article 725, Class 1, Class 2 and Class 3 Remote-Control, Signaling, and Power-Limited Circuits. A traction elevator's equipment room is typically located at the top of the building, directly over or adjacent to the shaft. First, it is now clear that elevator controllers must be marked by the manufacturer with their SCCR. Other codes and standards interact with the NEC, and it is necessary to see how they all work together in order to create safe and compliant elevator designs/installations. You are seeing this message for one of three reasons: You have reached your limit of free content. 1. (ASME has a separate document, A18.1-2008 Safety Standard for Platform Lifts and Stairway Lifts). Section 620.62, Selective Coordination, is central to multi-elevator installations and must be closely observed. Freight Elevator Door Control: An Opportunity for Wireless Technology. Flexible cords and cables in lengths not to exceed 6 ft. of a flame-retardant type and located to be protected from physical damage are permitted in machine rooms without being installed in a raceway. If the equipment must remain energized to perform work, effective insulation and safe electrical working practices should be observed. Get more of Elevator World. It is further specified the machine-room lighting switch be located at the point of entry. By subscribing, you agree to our User Agreement and Privacy Policy & Cookie Statement. Based on the analysis, the arc-flash boundaries at the elevator/escalator controllers ranged from 3-16 in. The NEC rule specifies that the minimum size for paralleled conductors is 1/0 AWG, which is much too big for an elevator traveling cable. The conductors must be in their original sheaths or grouped together and taped or corded. The fan should be on a dedicated circuit. The traveling cable, of necessity, is exempted. Cables used in Class 2 power-limited circuits are permitted between risers and signal equipment and operating devices, provided they are supported and protected from physical damage and are of the jacketed and flame-retardant type. APPENDIX A 2.2. Use the below learning-reinforcement questions to study for the Continuing Education Assessment Exam available online at www.elevatorbooks.com or on page 81 of this issue. Which equipment requires a separate branch circuit in the elevator car? Is lighting required to be GFCI protected in the machine room? Where is the lighting switch to be located in the machine room? What is the maximum raceway conductor fill in an elevator hoistway? How many disconnecting means are required for an elevator power supply? The elevator equipment room that serves a hydraulic elevator is almost always located on the lowest floor adjacent to the elevator shaft. You need to Subscribe to continuing reading. For elevators with battery lowering systems, an additional contact must be supplied and wired to disable the battery lowering system when the elevator disconnect is manually operated for maintenance. 354 Morgan Ave. Where voltages exceed 600, a sign reading DANGER HIGH VOLTAGE is required. The electrical system designer needs to communicate this information to the person responsible for specifying the elevator controller, which is most often the architect. This switch will ensure that the elevator won't descend into the elevator pit and allow maintenance people to work safely in the area beneath the cab. Another important electrical system design consideration for supplying power to multiple elevators is NEC 620.62. These circuit breaker selective coordination tables can be used to identify the maximum fault current that a pair of circuit breakers can selectively coordinate. The cover shall be secured and level with the pit floor. You must run a separate insulated grounding conductor with the feeder conductors from the electrical source to the elevator controller. It begins by considering metal and nonmetallic wireways. Weight (passengers, freight, car and attendant machinery) may be fairly substantial, and speed is significant. This may be countered by providing good machine-room ventilation. Power for the elevator controller must first enter a lockable safety disconnect device, located adjacent to the door of the equipment room. As always, the best advice in all instancesdo your homework, communicate often, and document decisions made. The panel further clarified that the marked SCCR value must be adequate for the available fault current to ensure a safe installation. Always verify all conditions and requirements with the state and the AHJ where the installation is taking place. A surge of immigration to the U.S., the end of slavery and, on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, a burgeoning industrial revolution ignited an acceleration in new building. Feeders may be installed within the hoistway where the elevator has a driving-machine motor in the hoistway or on the car or counterweight. The disconnecting means is to be located adjacent to or an integral part of the motor controller. The pump sends hydraulic fluid from the reservoir to the cylinder, buried deep below the elevator shaft. Regardless of the number of elevators, only one smoke detector is required at each floor lobby, but it must be located within 21 ft of every elevator door. If you can illuminate the pit using lights that are "above the top of the pit" (whatever that . CLAIMED . Finally, in 1897, the first National Electrical Code (NEC) appeared. The disconnecting means must disconnect the elevator from the emergency, standby and normal power systems. The cord is to be a hard-usage, oil-resistant type not over 6 ft. in length. If a smoke detector goes into alarm, it signals the elevator to go into Fire Recall Function, at which point the controller directs the elevator cab to travel to its pre-programmed designated landing, open its doors, and remain stopped there until the alarm clears. Shi Liguang, Yao Lianghong, Luo Zhiqun and Wan Jianru, Constructional Stretch and Hoist-Rope Tension . The basic rule for conductor fill of a metal wireway, as given in Article 376, is that the sum of the cross-sectional areas of all contained conductors at a cross section of a wireway is not to exceed 20% of the interior cross-sectional area of the wireway. The lighting switch shall be located so as to be readily accessible from the pit access door. Per the 2017 NEC, if the elevator is designated as an emergency system load, the disconnect must be protected by a surge protective device (SPD). Have wiring identified for use in wet locations in accordance with the requirements in NFPA 70. But the lights don't have to be in the pit itself. Something went wrong. The fire loading resulting from an accumulation of abandoned low-voltage cabling may be considerable, and has to be understood and dealt with. First, the ATS signals the elevators that it's about to switch over to emergency power preferably 30 sec or more prior to switching, which allows the elevator controller to bring each elevator cab to the nearest landing and stop, thus protecting the motors and electrical system. In contrast to the lighting, these receptacles must be connected to GFCI devices. Overload protection for motors is to conform with Article 430, Part III, the general code area that covers motor and branch-circuit overload protection for all motors. With the new elevator controller requirements, more attention will be focused on the elevator system. A section on branch circuits for car lighting, receptacles, ventilation, heating and air-conditioning contains a number of important provisions. It is important to note, that these selective coordination tables can indicate a lack of selective coordination at a given fault current for circuit breakers that do not show overlap on the time-current curves of the circuit breakers. It is further stipulated that internal voltages of power-conversion equipment and functionally associated equipment, and the operating voltages of wiring interconnecting the equipment, are permitted to be higher, provided that the equipment and wiring are listed for the higher voltages. The proposals resulted in adding new requirements in the 2017 NEC for: This article will also discuss other Code requirements that include selective coordination for elevators that are supplied by emergency, legally required standby or critical operation power systems or multiple elevators supplied from a single feeder, and shunt tripping of elevators where the elevator equipment room and/or shaft has a fire suppression sprinkler system. Dont troubleshoot unless you can keep your shoe/boot soles dry. [emailprotected] 836 Troy Schenectady Road Latham, NY 12110 . ,l7CLHmcX9*F -{Q|^"XL`b1y]$,y *R/2Rn{\xG L*vMP.uKW,)68]Y}+ FYS1B=Q0S>Hc You can email the site owner to let them know you were blocked. +1-251-479-4514 | [emailprotected], Trkiye Office Louisiana State Uniform Construction Code Council adopts the 2014 NEC, Basic three-phase power measurements explained, Safety After the Storm Operating Portable Generators. Hoistway door interlock wiring from the riser must be flame retardant and have insulation suitable for a temperature not less than 200C (392F), much higher than that required for most raceway or cable applications. As such, elevator controller manufacturers should make the effort to rethink their designs to avoid costly system design changes. Be sure to provide a horn/strobe alarm in large equipment rooms because they can be noisy, isolated places. These are the principle NEC 2011 Article 620 mandates. 2.2.6.1 This switch shall be so located as to be acces-sible from the pit access door. A few years later, in 1880, Werner von Siemens built the first electric elevator, setting the stage for a new industry that would change the world by making the practical use of tall buildings possible. The new ADAAG guidelines now require that emergency power be available to elevators that have four or more stories of travel above or below the accessible floor [4.1.3(9)(1)]. Indeed, most elevator accidents involve maintenance workers, yet even theirs is not an excessively dangerous profession. The simplest option is to use a shunt trip circuit breaker in either the feeder supplying the elevator or the elevator disconnect. Get more of Elevator World. For example, wiring that is under exclusive utility control and has to do with the generation and distribution of electrical power is not NEC regulated. Hint: Duct Tape to the Rescue, NEC: Air Conditioning and Refrigerating Equipment Part 5. If your specifications require a vent at the top of the shaft for venting smoke, you must provide a key switch with a pilot light to control that vent. from components that are not otherwise guarded. This requirement applies to all controllers, disconnecting means and other electrical equipment that may need servicing, inspection or maintenance. Liquid-tight flexible nonmetallic conduit, Flexible cords and cables, or conductors grouped together and taped or corded, are permitted without raceway, where they are part of listed equipment, a driving machine or a driving-machine brake, Flexible metal conduit, liquid-tight flexible metal or nonmetallic conduit, 3/8 in. All rights reserved. The proposals resulted in adding new requirements in the 2017 NEC for: Marking the elevator controller short-circuit current rating (SCCR) by the elevator control-ler manufacturer. Where necessary, it is mandated that suitable guards be provided to protect the cables against damage. z, /|f\Z?6!Y_o]A PK ! f?3-]T2j),l0/%b It is important, where mandated, that there be no more than a single disconnecting means, so if emergency action is required, first responders will not be able to power down the equipment from one location. Main feeders that supply elevator power must be kept outside the hoistway unless one of the following applies: Feeders for elevators are permitted within an existing hoistway (provided they are not spliced within the hoistway) by special permission of the AHJ. Working spaces for electrical equipment that may have to be examined, adjusted, serviced or maintained is required in all occupancies in an earlier NEC section, 110.26(A). He has focused on writing since 2006, having written for such magazines as ELEVATOR WORLD, Electrical Construction and Maintenance, Cabling Business, Electrical Business, Nuts and Volts, PV Magazine, Electrical Connection, Solar Connection, Solar Industry Magazine, Fine Homebuilding Magazine and Engineering News. You are seeing this message for one of three reasons: You have reached your limit of free content. Required lighting shall not be connected to the load side of a ground-fault circuit interrupter. Section 620.37 re-emphasizes that only wiring used in connection with the elevator is permitted within the hoistway, machine room, control room/machinery space or control space. He is saying that each pit requires a separate circuit, in other words "dedicated". Selective coordination is also required for multiple elevators per NEC 620.62. If the disconnecting means is an integral part of the motor controller, it is to be operable without requiring opening of the enclosure. of the sprinkler heads. The demand factors are given in Table 620.14, which allows significant reductions as the number of motors is increased. All equipment in a machine room-less design is installed within the elevator shaft or exterior compartment near the elevator shaft, including the elevator controller and the elevator disconnecting means. Fireman telephone jacks and telephone cabling are typically sufficient for each of these locations. This may include wiring for signals, communication with the car, lighting, heating, air-conditioning and ventilation of the car or hoistway for fire-detecting systems and pit sump pumps. A little more narrowly focused (yet of great consequence) is the ubiquitous NEC, which, in the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)s venerable Handbook edition, devotes 18 double-column pages to electrical design and installation requirements for elevators, escalators and related equipment. If it kills the son of the owner, the son of that builder shall be put to death.. We shall now take a look at the principle requirements of Article 620, with particular emphasis on wiring requirements for elevator shafts, machine rooms and cars. ), a duplex 15A 120-volt receptacle in pit with ground- fault circuit protection and a 15A 120-volt Non GFCI receptacle for the sump pump. If you provide your elevators with emergency power, you must run communications wires between the automatic transfer switch (ATS) and the elevator control panel. Apr 24, 2013. correct me if I'm wrong, but I believe it's damp. (g) Stop Switch in Pits. Part of the reason that elevator usage is extraordinarily safe is that construction and maintenance are regulated by the wonderfully robust ASME A17.1 2007/CSA B44-07 Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators, which contains overall construction and maintenance requirements everything from seismic mandates to machine-room lighting. Examples of PPE that may be appropriate are non-conductive eye protection, clean leather or fire-resistant gloves, and natural-fiber or fire-resistant-rated long-sleeved shirts and pants, or fire-resistant-rated long-sleeved coveralls. By subscribing, you agree to our User Agreement and Privacy Policy & Cookie Statement. The same figure applies to nonmetallic wireways. NEC Article 0: Elevator art by David Herres Continued. The article stands apart from the rest of the code in the sense it exempts these categories of circuits from the general requirements for wiring in most occupancies, found in Chapter 3. Luminaires must be lensed or equipped with wire guards to protect the lamps. See Section 3 of the. A separate 120VAC, 15A circuit is required for cab lighting and accessories, and it must have its own local disconnect and OCPD in the equipment room as well. As stated in Section 7 of the Elevator Industry Field Employees Safety Handbook: Unless it is not feasible, (i.e. Acceptable types of wire for this application are given in Table 400.4, which occurs in an earlier chapter and lists various types of elevator cable for lighting and control in both unclassified and hazardous locations. They are to be located so as to be protected from physical damage, are to be of a flame-retardant type, and must be part of listed equipment, a driving machine or a driving-machine brake. This is typically accomplished via a shunt trip device. The 12 definitions provided in NEC 2011, Section 620.2 are the place to start for guidance in this area, and the sections that follow lay out implementation guidelines that are very relevant in todays environment. (A) Separate Branch Circuit. or larger, not exceeding 6 ft. in length, are permitted between control panels and machine motors, machine brakes, motor-generator sets, disconnecting means and pumping motors and valves. Through numerous editions, the NEC has, to a great extent, mitigated the hazards accompanying widespread use of electricity, particularly with respect to elevator technology. Where the elevator shaft and/or equipment room has a sprinkler fire suppression system installed, the elevator Code requires main line power to the elevator be removed prior to the application of water. (e) Pit Maintenance. Fuses: Verify that the correct size, type and capacity are installed. NEC 2011 Article 620.21(2)(b) states that hard-service cords and junior hard-service cords that conform to the requirements of Article 400 (Table 400.4) are permitted as flexible connections between the fixed wiring on the car and devices on the car doors or gates. It provides that where more than one driving-machine disconnecting means is supplied by a single feeder, the overcurrent protective devices in each disconnecting means are to be selectively coordinated with any other supply side overcurrent protective devices. Elevator travel is far safer than an automobile trip, and the chance of experiencing disaster is on the order of being struck by lightning in ones own backyard. PK ! Supports for cables or raceways in a hoistway or in an escalator or moving-walk wellway or platform lift and stairway chairlift runway must be securely fastened to the guide rail, escalator or moving-walk truss, or to the hoistway, wellway or runway construction. It need not be exactly centered on the equipment, and working spaces of adjacent pieces of equipment may overlap. Metallic articles: Remove metallic articles such as watches, chains, bracelets, earrings, belt buckles and keychains before troubleshooting. -inch conduit is needed to the sump pump. (A) tells us that the lighting and receptacle (s) for the pit must be on separate circuits. Traditional wiring methods and materials come into play, as always, but it is necessary to rethink their deployment. GFCIs in elevator pits During an inspection of the elevators in a commercial building, the state inspector failed us for using a GFCI-type circuit breaker to protect a receptacle in the elevator pit. NEC Article 620 contains numerous other disconnect provisions, which must be carefully scrutinized prior to design work so the installation is compliant. These are covered for generic, non-elevator specific use in earlier articles, 376 and 378, in Chapter 3, Wiring Methods and Materials. This strategy works to improve the flexibility of the traveling cable, but it is contrary to a general NEC rule concerning the paralleling of conductors, which is generally done in very large sizes to avoid unwieldy wire pulls and terminations. endstream endobj 954 0 obj <. !>x=yy Bvv8?~e PK ! z!0: - [Content_Types].xml ( n0EUb*>-RxV=QUAl"93dFk%Y?l}MGDV Motor controllers are permitted outside the spaces specified above. While the definitions are straightforward, their deployment in real-life building projects involves enormous legal and moral implications, given the fact that we are carrying large numbers of people hundreds of feet above the earths surface on a daily basis. Elevator Pit Sump Pump Electrical Requirements By Nat July 30, 2022 Bulls Eye (Simplex) Receptacles: Bulls eye (simplex) receptacle for Sump pumps (now not - GFI) on a delegated circuit will be required in all elevator pits for the elevator pit sump pump. Part III, Wiring, looks at the types of wiring that may be installed in hoistways, cars, machine rooms and related spaces. For instance, a typical elevator controller may traditionally have SCCR ratings from 5 to 10 kA. The conduit alone can't act as the grounding means. 988 0 obj <>stream Installing electrical equipment where its SCCR is less than the available short-circuit current creates serious safety hazards. , !! Hydraulic elevators comprise a hydraulic reservoir, pump, cylinder, and controller. It is of great importance that power to the various elevator functions can be quickly and reliably removed from the loads in case of emergency or for maintenance and troubleshooting. As we have seen, a limited number of these are approved for elevator locations car, hoistway, pit and machine room. Machine room/control space lighting and receptacles 4. It does specify wiring methods allowed, though, in 620. You must locate this key switch at the main lobby or at the building fire command center. After reading this article, you should have learned: Which locations require sepa-rate, dedicated branch circuits Which branch circuits are not to be provided with ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) pro-tection Which locations must have one or more duplex receptacles Where overcurrent protection for hoistway, pit and machine-room lighting must be located How unsupported lengths of traveling cables are measured. Another location that requires a separate branch circuit for lighting and receptacle(s) is the hoistway pit. The elevator pit discharge system is not required to include an oil separator, except as required by section 1003.4. Similarly, the integrity of the traveling cable is emphasized. endstream endobj startxref employees shall not perform any work on equipment where there is a potential to come in contact with energized mechanical or electrical hazards until all sources of energy have been de-energized, grounded or guarded.. The floor specified as the designated landing, which must be approved by the Fire Marshal, is usually the floor on grade level so passengers can quickly exit to the outside. Elisha Otis safety elevator, introduced in 1853, prevented the fall of the car if the cable broke. [emailprotected] NEC Article 620 covers elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators, moving walks, platform lifts and stairway chairlifts. It is worth mentioning that when 600 V is talked about as a limit in the NEC, it is generally meant that the familiar 600-V nominal-voltage system is considered to lie within the permitted zone, making it a common usage. The sump pump/drain shall have the capacity to remove a minimum of 11.4 m. 3 /h (3,000 gal/h) per elevator. These requirements, found in Article 620 (part of Chapter 6, Special Equipment), are in addition to NEC Chapters 1-3, which stipulate general wiring protocols applicable in most residential, commercial and industrial venues. Similar provisions are attached to elevator-car heating and air-conditioning disconnecting means, and to other utilization equipment. All of these options and special wiring can be challenging depending upon the location of the shunt trip circuit breaker as well as who has responsibility for providing these additional options. Such cable groups are to be supported at intervals not over 3 ft. and located so as to be protected from physical damage. They are differentiated from other similar structures by the fact that they are not attached to the outside perimeter or surface of the walls, ceiling or floor of the hoistway. Car lighting, receptacles and ventilation 2. Additionally, ampacities of the individual conductors and flame-retardant properties of the overall cable are important factors. To address this issue, Code Making Panel (CMP) 12 of the National Electrical Code acted on several proposed changes to Article 620 during the revision cycle for the 2017 NEC that deal with the proper installation of elevator controllers. Cross-sectional areas of wireways are found by multiplying the two interior dimensions.) It is mandatory, as in the car, that these items have a separate, dedicated branch circuit, and the required lighting is not to be supplied through a GFCI. ELECTRIC PASSENGER & FREIGHT ELEVATORS ASME A17.1 2004 Electric Elevator Checklist 2004 Multi-car.doc Page 4 of 44 Page Completed for cars : - Last Updated: 8/1/05 Car Enclosure Electric 2.14 - Hydraulic 3.14 A17.1 (A17.2) COMMENTS CARS 1-6 Operating Control Devices ADA Requirements Furthermore, at least one 125-V, single-phase, 15- or 20-amp duplex receptacle is to be provided in each machine room or similar location. Flexible cords and cables (same conditions as within hoistways). It employs specialists in Mobile, Alabama, and has technical and news correspondents around the world. The condition is that all conductors must be insulated for the maximum voltage applied to any conductor within the cables or raceway system, and all live parts of the equipment must be insulated from ground for this maximum voltage. He also required GFCI protection for the hard-wired sump pump that did not require it. [emailprotected] You need at least one 120VAC GFCI-protected receptacle at each location. Flexible cords and cables that are components of listed equipment and used in circuits operating at 30 V (42 VDC) or less are permitted in lengths not to exceed 6 ft., provided the cords and cables are supported and protected from physical damage and are of a jacketed and flame-retardant type. Sumps and sump pumps in pits, where provided, shall be covered. Hoistway pit lighting and receptacles 5. [emailprotected] To safeguard the passengers and electrical equipment, ASME A17.12.8.2.3.2 requires the power source to the elevator control panel to shut down prior to the discharge of water from a sprinkler head. 974 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<64E135C225F1064D91BC8119D14516A9>]/Index[953 36]/Info 952 0 R/Length 105/Prev 204101/Root 954 0 R/Size 989/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream The hazards are external to the equipment enclosure since equipment SCCR testing and evaluation criteria for product standards are most often performed with the enclosure doors closed and latched, and the fault occurring external to the enclosure. Therefore, there will be two signals to the elevator control panel related to smoke detectors: one from the designated floor smoke detector and another combined signal from the smoke detectors at the other lobby landings and in the equipment room. Hard-service cords and junior hard-service cords are permitted as flexible connections between the fixed wiring on the car and devices on the car doors or gates. The demand factor ranges from 1.00 for one elevator on a single feeder to 0.72 for 10 or more elevators on a single feeder. In a time when increasing value is placed on even small amounts of real estate, elevator design must strive to configure, efficiently control and drive elements to whatever degree possible, and that is the thinking behind some alternate locations for these structures. While machine room-less designs have been commercially available for many years, their use may still be unknown to some AHJs. We resume with a look at wiring methods, overcurrent protection, grounding and other NEC provisions as they relate to these installations. Feeder and branch-circuit conductors are required to have specified ampacities: Feeder conductors of less ampacity are permitted for group installations and quite common in elevator work. He had been with Eaton (Cutler-Hammer and Bussmann) since 1993 and specializes in training on the design and application of overcurrent protective devices and equipment in electrical distribution systems in accordance with the National Electrical Code and equipment in accordance with the various product standards. The light switch shall be located so to be accessible from pit access door. Flexible metal, liquid-tight flexible metal or liquid-tight flexible nonmetallic conduit 3/8 in. For this reason, the NEC provides for adequate working space around electrical equipment that may need to be serviced.

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